Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Compare a reference in a science discipline such as "The last survey indicated that four hundred were left in the wild (Jones et al. 2003)", where the date is meaningful. The reader of certain forms of arts and humanities scholarship may thus be better aided by the use of author–title referencing styles such as MLA: for example, "(Dickens ...
However, in the reference lists of articles, most journals truncate the list after 3 or 6 names, followed by "et al." (which most medical journals do not italicize): Guilbert TW, Morgan WJ, Zeiger RS, Mauger DT, Boehmer SJ, Szefler SJ, et al. Long-term inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children at high risk for asthma.
Parenthetical referencing is a citation system in which citations are added within sentences using brackets (parentheses). An example would be "Paris is the capital of France (Smith 2020, p. 1)". An example would be "Paris is the capital of France (Smith 2020, p. 1)".
et al. et alii ('and others') It should normally only be used in references (see the |display-authors= feature of the citation templates), and where it is part of a name, such as of a legal case, e.g. United States v. Thompson et al. It need not be linked. fl. floruit ('flourished') Use template {} on first use. Do not use flor. or flr. lit.
The case name should be in italics. Use {{Italic title}}. Abbreviations. Article titles should be the names of the parties, as given in the official reporter, as docketed in the highest court to issue an opinion. The title should be abbreviated as follows: Omit all parties after the first plaintiff and the first defendant; do not use "et al."
This guide helps beginners reference Wikipedia articles without using templates, providing clear instructions and examples.
An example of Ibid. citations in use, from Justice by Michael J. Sandel.. Ibid. is an abbreviation for the Latin word ibīdem, meaning ' in the same place ', commonly used in an endnote, footnote, bibliography citation, or scholarly reference to refer to the source cited in the preceding note or list item.
In lists of places, et alibi may be used, which is also abbreviated et al.; et alibi means "and elsewhere". In references to literature or texts in general, et sequentes (versus) or et sequentia 'and the words etc. following' (abbreviated et seq., plural et seqq.) are used to indicate that only the first portion of a known reference is given ...