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There are two previous major description languages: WSDL 2.0 (Web Services Description Language) and WADL (Web Application Description Language). Neither is widely adopted in the industry for describing RESTful APIs, citing poor human readability of both and WADL being actually unable to fully describe a RESTful API.
Grails is an open source web application framework that uses the Apache Groovy [2]: 757, §18 programming language (which is in turn based on the Java platform).It is intended to be a high-productivity framework by following the "coding by convention" paradigm, providing a stand-alone development environment and hiding much of the configuration detail from the developer.
After various betas and release candidates numbered 1.1, on December 7, 2007, Groovy 1.1 Final was released and immediately renumbered as Groovy 1.5 to reflect the many changes made. In 2007, Groovy won the first prize at JAX 2007 innovation award. [10] In 2008, Grails, a Groovy web framework, won the second prize at JAX 2008 innovation award. [11]
reStructuredText (RST, ReST, or reST) is a file format for textual data used primarily in the Python programming language community for technical documentation.. It is part of the Docutils project of the Python Doc-SIG (Documentation Special Interest Group), aimed at creating a set of tools for Python similar to Javadoc for Java or Plain Old Documentation (POD) for Perl.
Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Python 2.7.18, released in 2020, was the last release of Python 2. [37] Python consistently ranks as one of the most popular programming languages, and has gained widespread use in the machine learning community. [38] [39] [40] [41]
Duck typing is similar to, but distinct from, structural typing.Structural typing is a static typing system that determines type compatibility and equivalence by a type's structure, whereas duck typing is dynamic and determines type compatibility by only that part of a type's structure that is accessed during runtime.
Example 1: Vary: * Example 2: Vary: Accept-Language; Permanent RFC 9110: Via: Informs the client of proxies through which the response was sent. Via: 1.0 fred, 1.1 example.com (Apache/1.1) Permanent RFC 9110: Warning: A general warning about possible problems with the entity body. Warning: 199 Miscellaneous warning: Obsolete [21] RFC 7234, 9111 ...
For example, Fielding identified the embedding of session information in URIs as a violation of the constraints of REST which can negatively affect shared caching and server scalability. HTTP cookies also violated REST constraints [ 4 ] because they can become out of sync with the browser's application state, making them unreliable; they also ...