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For him, the "father" of the institution of caste could be the Brahmins who adopted a strictly endogamous matrimonial regime, leading other groups to do the same to emulate this self-proclaimed elite. The priestly class in all ancient civilizations are the originators of this "unnatural Institution" founded and maintained through unnatural means.
Sir Herbert Hope Risley KCIE CSI FRAI (4 January 1851 – 30 September 1911) was a British ethnographer and colonial administrator, a member of the Indian Civil Service who conducted extensive studies on the tribes and castes of the Bengal Presidency.
Inequality and Social Change, Oxford University Press, 1972. Castes: Old and New, Essays in Social Structure and Social Stratification, Asia Publishing House, 1969. Caste, Class and Power: Changing Patterns of Stratification in a Tanjore Village, University of California Press, 1965.
Sanskritization is a process whereby a caste attempts to raise its rank within the caste hierarchy by adopting the practice, the attributes of the caste or castes above them, in the rank order. This is to say the 'low' attributes are gradually dropped and the 'high' attributes of the castes above them are imitated.
The base of this system was caste. The communities were responsible for tasks specific to their castes. [2] There were different kinds of services under Bara Balutedar which could number more than twelve Joshi (Brahmin astrologer) [3] Gurav (priest and temple maintenance), [1] Nhavi [1] Parit ; Kumbhar [1] Sutar [1]
Between 1980 and 2009 Gupta was a professor at the Jawaharlal Nehru University's Centre for the Study of Social Systems. Between 1990 and 2007 he was co-editor of Contributions to Indian Sociology He started and led KPMG 's Business Ethics and Integrity Division, New Delhi; was a member of the National Security Advisory Board and the News ...
Homo Hierarchicus: Essai sur le système des castes (1966) is Louis Dumont's treatise on the Indian caste system. [1] It analyses the caste hierarchy and the ascendancy tendency of the lower castes to follow the habits of the higher castes. This concept was termed as Sanskritisation by MN Srinivas. [2]
Indira Gandhi National Open University, known as IGNOU, is a public open & distance learning university located in Delhi, India. Named after the former Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, the university was established in 1985 with a budget of ₹ 20 million, after the Parliament of India passed the Indira Gandhi National Open University Act, 1985 (IGNOU Act 1985). [4]