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In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution". [1] [2] The solid formed is called the precipitate. [3] In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant. [4]
Golden rain demonstration is made by combining two colorless solutions, potassium iodide solution and Lead(II) nitrate solution at room temperature to form yellow precipitate. During the chemical reaction, golden particles gently drop from the top of Erlenmeyer flask to the bottom, similar to watching the rain through a window.
Hantz reactions are a class of pattern-forming precipitation reactions in gels implementing a reaction–diffusion system. The precipitation patterns are forming as a reaction of two electrolytes : a highly concentrated "outer" one diffuses into a hydrogel , while the "inner" one is dissolved in the gel itself.
In chemistry, coprecipitation (CPT) or co-precipitation is the carrying down by a precipitate of substances normally soluble under the conditions employed. [1] Analogously, in medicine, coprecipitation (referred to as immunoprecipitation) is specifically "an assay designed to purify a single antigen from a complex mixture using a specific antibody attached to a beaded support".
Precipitation strengthening is possible if the line of solid solubility slopes strongly toward the center of a phase diagram. While a large volume of precipitate particles is desirable, a small enough amount of the alloying element should be added so that it remains easily soluble at some reasonable annealing temperature. Although large volumes ...
The net reaction between an aldehyde (or an alpha-hydroxy-ketone) and the copper(II) ions in Benedict's solution may be written as: RCHO + 2 Cu 2+ + 5 OH − → RCOO − + Cu 2 O + 3 H 2 O. The hydroxide ions in the equation forms when sodium carbonate dissolves in water. With the citrate included, the reaction becomes:
Ammonium sulfate is an inorganic salt with a high solubility that disassociates into ammonium (NH + 4) and sulfate (SO 2− 4) in aqueous solutions. [1] Ammonium sulfate is especially useful as a precipitant because it is highly soluble, stabilizes protein structure, has a relatively low density, is readily available, and is relatively inexpensive.
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