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A Master of Laws (M.L. or LL.M.; Latin: Magister Legum or Legum Magister) is an postgraduate academic degree, pursued by those either holding an undergraduate academic law degree, a professional law degree, or an undergraduate degree in a related subject.
The BCL/JD program emphasizes a transsystemic and polyjural approach that integrates common law and civil law, sometimes within a single class. [5] More recently, the Faculty has incorporated Indigenous law into its curriculum in response to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's recommendations for Canadian law schools. [6]
In addition, students who already possess a civil law degree (an LL.L. or a B.C.L.) from a Canadian school can enroll at the Université de Moncton for two semesters to complete a J.D. Lastly, the Faculty offers a D.E.C.L. (Diplôme d'études en common law) for international students seeking an understanding of the common law tradition.
While common in the United States, the University of Toronto is the only university in Canada to offer the SJD as its terminal law degree. All other Canadian universities offer a Ph.D. in law, while the University of Ottawa grants a Doctor of Laws as its terminal degree. Under Ontario law, holders of the SJD are entitled to use the prefix ...
Canada's legal system is composed of both common law and civil law elements. As of 2019, [ 5 ] the professional degree required to become a common law lawyer is a Juris Doctor (J.D.). Formerly, this degree was called a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B., Legum Baccalaureatus in Latin), but the name was phased out. LL.B. holders were often given the chance ...
Following a multi-year effort spearheaded by John Borrows and Val Napoleon, the Faculty became the first law school in Canada to offer a program which integrates a study of the Canadian common law and of indigenous legal traditions. The Joint Juris Doctor and Juris Indigenarum Doctor (JD/JID) program admitted its first cohort in the fall of 2018.
In 2018, the Faculty was ranked by Times Higher Education as the best francophone law school in the world [1]. In addition to its civil law degree , the Law School offers a one-year J.D. in common law for Quebec civil law graduates that enables them to take the bar exam in other Canadian provinces and in New York, Massachusetts and California.
These include the Masters of Law (LLM) by coursework or research, and doctoral degrees such as the PhD or SJD. Practitioners may undertake a Masters of Law by coursework to obtain greater specialisation in an area in which they practice. In many common law countries, a higher degree in law is common and expected for legal academics.