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Modified-release dosage is a mechanism that (in contrast to immediate-release dosage) delivers a drug with a delay after its administration (delayed-release dosage) or for a prolonged period of time (extended-release [ER, XR, XL] dosage) or to a specific target in the body (targeted-release dosage).
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are oral anti-diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as starch and table sugar). They are found in raw plants/herbs such as cinnamon and bacteria (containing the inhibitor acarbose ).
Based on Medicare and Medicaid spending between 2012 and 2017, prescriptions for extended-release drugs cost the healthcare system almost $14 billion more than would have been spent on equivalent ...
Release (Liberation) is the first step in the process by which medication enters the body and liberates the active ingredient that has been administered. The pharmaceutical drug must separate from the vehicle or the excipient that it was mixed with during manufacture. Some authors split the process of liberation into three steps: disintegration ...
Extended-release (or slow-release) formulations of morphine are those whose effect last substantially longer than bare morphine, availing for, e.g., one administration per day. Conversion between extended-release and immediate-release (or "regular") morphine is easier than conversion to or from an equianalgesic dose of another opioid with ...
Delayed release (film), the delayed release of a film to the public; Delayed release (pharmacology), oral medicines that do not immediately disintegrate and release the active ingredient(s) into the body [+delayed release], a distinctive feature given to affricate consonants in phonology; Late release, a term associated with vaporware in ...
Physical properties of the drug (hydrophobicity, pKa, solubility) The drug formulation (immediate release, excipients used, manufacturing methods, modified release – delayed release, extended release, sustained release, etc.) Whether the formulation is administered in a fed or fasted state; Gastric emptying rate; Circadian differences
The concept of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems can actually be seen as ahead of this time, since the first pH-responsive drug coating was used in the late 1950s in Europe. [4] These coatings were used on drugs delivered to the stomach, so that they would protonate and dissolve at low pH to release drug. [4]