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The Camera Serial Interface (CSI) is a specification of the Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) Alliance. It defines an interface between a camera and a host processor. The latest active interface specifications are CSI-2 v4.1 (April 2024), CSI-3 v1.1 (March 2014) and CCS v1.1.1 (April 2023).
The size of a webcam's color pixel depends on the model and may lie in the range of 5 to 10 μm. However, a color pixel consists of four black and white pixels each equipped with a color filter (for details see Bayer filter). Although these color filters work well in the visible, they may be rather transparent in the near infrared.
The Raspberry Pi Zero v1.3 was released in May 2016, which added a camera connector. [40] The Raspberry Pi Zero W was launched in February 2017, a version of the Zero with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, for US$10. [41] [42] The Raspberry Pi Zero WH was launched in January 2018, a version of the Zero W with pre-soldered GPIO headers. [43]
TrackIR was initially designed as an assistive technology device for the Windows cursor control. [citation needed]Between 2002 and the year 2005, five TrackIR camera models were released, bringing more features such as doubled frame rate and increased resolution.
The project was started as a Python application by Paulus Schoutsen in September 2013 and first published publicly on GitHub in November 2013. [24]In July 2017, a managed operating system called Hass.io was initially introduced to make it easier to use Home Assistant on single-board computers like the Raspberry Pi series.
Many of these systems interface with consumer electronics such as the Arduino or Raspberry Pi, which are easily accessible online and in most electronics stores. [23] In addition, home automation devices are increasingly interfaced with mobile phones through Bluetooth, allowing for increased affordability and customizability for the user. [8]
The first centralized IP camera, the AXIS Neteye 200, was released in 1996 by Axis Communications. [3] Although the product was advertised to be accessible from anywhere with an internet connection, [4] the camera was not capable of streaming real-time video, and was limited to returning a single image for each request in the Common Intermediate Format (CIF).
The result is a very sensitive digital IR camera. [28]: 32 While it is common to use a filter that blocks almost all visible light, the wavelength sensitivity of a digital camera without internal infrared blocking is such that a variety of artistic results can be obtained with more conventional filtration.