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The reaction is general, thus a vast number of such species are known. Phosphites are employed in the Perkow reaction and the Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction. They also serve as ligands in organometallic chemistry. Intermediate between phosphites and phosphines are phosphonites (P(OR) 2 R') and phosphinite (P(OR)R' 2).
The reaction with oxygen is spin-forbidden but still proceeds at sufficient rate that samples of tertiary phosphines are characteristically contaminated with phosphine oxides. Qualitatively, the rates of oxidation are higher for trialkyl vs triarylphosphines. Faster still are oxidations using hydrogen peroxide. Primary and secondary phosphines ...
In comparison, using the reaction of the corresponding phosphine oxides with perchloropolysilanes such as Si 2 Cl 6 or Si 3 Cl 8 in benzene or chloroform, phosphines can be prepared in higher yields. R 3 PO + Si 2 Cl 6 → R 3 P + Si 2 OCl 6 2 R 3 PO + Si 3 Cl 8 → 2 R 3 P + Si 3 O 2 Cl 8. Deoxygenation has been effected with boranes and ...
Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colorless, flammable, highly toxic compound with the chemical formula P H 3, classed as a pnictogen hydride.Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odor like rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane (P 2 H 4).
In his studies, Reppe discovered that this reaction more efficiently produced acrylic esters using NiBr 2 (PPh 3) 2 as a catalyst instead of NiBr 2. Shell developed cobalt-based catalysts modified with trialkylphosphine ligands for hydroformylation (now a rhodium catalyst is more commonly used for this process). [ 17 ]
Phosphine oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula H 3 PO. Although stable as a dilute gas, liquid or solid samples are unstable. Unlike many other compounds of the type PO x H y, H 3 PO is rarely discussed and is not even mentioned in major sources on main group chemistry.
where A and B are reactants C is a product a, b, and c are stoichiometric coefficients,. the reaction rate is often found to have the form: = [] [] Here is the reaction rate constant that depends on temperature, and [A] and [B] are the molar concentrations of substances A and B in moles per unit volume of solution, assuming the reaction is taking place throughout the volume of the ...
Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering.They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normally between zero and one), how much of a desired product was formed (Y — yield, normally also between zero and one) and how much desired product was formed in ratio to the undesired product(s) (S ...