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The standardized uptake value (SUV) is a nuclear medicine term, used in positron emission tomography (PET) as well as in modern calibrated single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging for a semiquantitative analysis. [1] Its use is particularly common in the analysis of [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG) images of cancer patients.
The uptake of [18 F]FDG by tissues is a marker for the tissue uptake of glucose, which in turn is closely correlated with certain types of tissue metabolism. After [18 F]FDG is injected into a patient, a PET scanner can form two-dimensional or three-dimensional images of the distribution of [18 F]FDG within the body.
The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.A degree sign (°) or a superscript Plimsoll symbol (⦵) is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°), or change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°).
GLUT4 has a Km value for glucose of about 5 mM, which as stated above is the normal blood glucose level in healthy individuals. GLUT4 is the most abundant glucose transporter in skeletal muscle and is thus considered to be rate limiting for glucose uptake and metabolism in resting muscles. [ 8 ]
[15] k 1 is the rate constant for chemical uptake from water at the respiratory surface (L*kg −1 *d −1). [15] C WD is the chemical concentration dissolved in water (g*L −1 ). [ 15 ] k 2 ,k E ,k G ,k B are rate constants that represent excretion from the organism from the respiratory surface, fecal excretion, metabolic transformation, and ...
If the rates are considered to have a uniform standard deviation the appropriate weight for every value for non-linear regression is 1. If the double-reciprocal plot is used each value of 1 / v {\displaystyle 1/v} should have a weight of v 4 {\displaystyle v^{4}} , whereas if the Hanes plot is used each value of a / v {\displaystyle a/v} should ...
For example, the blood/gas partition coefficient of a general anesthetic measures how easily the anesthetic passes from gas to blood. [5] Partition coefficients can also be defined when one of the phases is solid , for instance, when one phase is a molten metal and the second is a solid metal, [ 6 ] or when both phases are solids. [ 7 ]
A primary standard in metrology is a standard that is sufficiently accurate such that it is not calibrated by or subordinate to other standards. Primary standards are defined via other quantities like length, mass and time. Primary standards are used to calibrate other standards referred to as working standards.