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Touton giant cells, being multinucleated giant cells, can be distinguished by the presence of several nuclei in a distinct pattern. This pattern is described as a ring-like or wreath-like in the center of a cell. These cells contain a ring of nuclei surrounding a central homogeneous cytoplasm, while foamy cytoplasm surrounds the nuclei.
Central giant-cell granuloma (CGCG) is a localised benign condition of the jaws.It is twice as common in females and is more likely to occur before age 30. Central giant-cell granulomas are more common in the anterior mandible, often crossing the midline and causing painless swellings.
A giant cell (also known as a multinucleated giant cell, or multinucleate giant cell) is a mass formed by the union of several distinct cells (usually histiocytes), often forming a granuloma. [1] Although there is typically a focus on the pathological aspects of multinucleate giant cells (MGCs), they also play many important physiological roles.
Histopathologically, an annular elastolytic giant-cell granuloma exhibits a granulomatous reaction accompanied by phagocytosis of the elastic fibers, elastolysis, and multinucleate giant cells devoid of or reduced in elastin fibers. Other hallmarks of the histopathology include the lack of mucin deposition and collagen necrobiosis. [7]
Granuloma with central necrosis in a lung of a person with tuberculosis: Note the Langhans-type giant cells (with many nuclei arranged in a horseshoe-like pattern at the edge of the cell) around the periphery of the granuloma. Langhans-type giant cells are seen in many types of granulomas and are not specific for tuberculosis.
Granulation tissue with a poorly formed granuloma to the left of centre. Within this area there is a multinucleate giant cell of the Langhans type. The patient had a healing mycobacterial infection of the skin (Mycobacterium ulcerans infection). Langhans giant cells (LGC) are giant cells found in granulomatous conditions.
Peripheral giant-cell granuloma (PGCG) is an oral pathologic condition that appears in the mouth as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation or trauma. Because of its overwhelming incidence on the gingiva , the condition is associated with two other diseases , pyogenic granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma .
In pathology, Schaumann bodies are calcium and protein inclusions inside of Langhans giant cells as part of a granuloma. Many conditions can cause Schaumann bodies, including: Sarcoidosis, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and; Berylliosis. uncommonly, Crohn's disease and tuberculosis. [1]