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Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols is a Unicode block comprising styled forms of Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles.
List of letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering; ISO 31-11; Language of mathematics; List of mathematical jargon; Mathematical notation; Notation in probability and statistics; Physical constants; List of logic symbols; Glossary of mathematical symbols; Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode; List of mathematical functions
Rarely used in modern mathematics without a horizontal bar delimiting the width of its argument (see the next item). For example, √2. √ (radical symbol) 1. Denotes square root and is read as the square root of. For example, +. 2. With an integer greater than 2 as a left superscript, denotes an n th root.
The origin of the class of such problems has been attributed to the Indian mathematician Mahāvīra in chapter VI, § 131 1 ⁄ 2, 132 1 ⁄ 2 of his Ganita-sara-sangraha (“Compendium of the Essence of Mathematics”), circa 850CE, which dealt with serial division of fruit and flowers with specified remainders. [1]
The identity substitution, which maps every variable to itself, is the neutral element of substitution composition. A substitution σ is called idempotent if σσ = σ, and hence tσσ = tσ for every term t. When x i ≠t i for all i, the substitution { x 1 ↦ t 1, …, x k ↦ t k} is idempotent if and only if none of the variables x i ...
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The friendship paradox is the phenomenon first observed by the sociologist Scott L. Feld in 1991 that on average, an individual's friends have more friends than that individual. [1] It can be explained as a form of sampling bias in which people with more friends are more likely to be in one's own friend group. In other words, one is less likely ...
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