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Toxic megacolon is an acute form of colonic distension. [2] It is characterized by a very dilated colon ( megacolon ), accompanied by abdominal distension ( bloating ), and sometimes fever , abdominal pain , or shock .
Toxic megacolon is mainly seen in ulcerative colitis and pseudomembranous colitis, two chronic inflammations of the colon (and occasionally, in the other type of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease). Its mechanism is incompletely understood.
Overall, imaging tests, such as x-ray or CT scan, may be helpful in assessing for complications of ulcerative colitis, such as perforation or toxic megacolon. Bowel ultrasound (US) is a cost-effective, well-tolerated, non-invasive and readily available tool for the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including UC, in ...
zamrznutitonovi/Getty Images This article originally appeared on Medical News Today. ... Crohn’s disease with intestinal obstruction, colon polyps, and toxic megacolon.
[2] [3] It is a type of megacolon, sometimes referred to as "acute megacolon," to distinguish it from toxic megacolon. The condition carries the name of the British surgeon Sir William Heneage Ogilvie (1887–1971), who first reported it in 1948. [4] [5] [6]
Surgery with resection of the colon is necessary in some instances, [10] particularly if severe complications occur, such as perforation [1] or toxic megacolon. Fecal calprotectin, a stool test and marker of inflammation, may be used to follow improvement in colitis.
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The images were made from original photomicrographs, but panels A, ... Ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon; Colonoscopy. Colonoscopy image, ...