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Surface metrology is the measurement of small-scale features on surfaces, and is a branch of metrology. Surface primary form, surface fractality, and surface finish (including surface roughness) are the parameters most commonly associated with the field. It is important to many disciplines and is mostly known for the machining of precision ...
Surface roughness, often shortened to roughness, is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations in the direction of the normal vector of a real surface from its ideal form. If these deviations are large, the surface is rough; if they are small, the surface is smooth.
Most of the world's surface finish standards are written for contact profilometers. To follow the prescribed methodology, this type of profilometer is often required. Contacting the surface is often an advantage in dirty environments where non-contact methods can end up measuring surface contaminants instead of the surface itself.
Part 700: Calibration of surface texture measuring instruments [NWIP] Part 701: Calibration and measurement standards for contact (stylus) instruments; Other documents might be proposed in the future but the structure is now almost defined. Part 600 will replace the common part found in all other parts.
The vertical uncertainty depends mainly on the roughness of the measured surface. For smooth surfaces, the accuracy of the measurement is limited by the accuracy of the positioning stage. The lateral positions of the height values depend on the corresponding object point that is imaged by the pixel matrix.
A typical range of surface roughness that can be obtained without resorting to special equipment would fall in the range of 1 to 30 units Ra (average roughness), usually microinches. Surface accuracy or flatness is usually measured in units of helium light band (HLB), one HLB measuring about 280 nm (1.1 × 10 −5 in). Again, without resort to ...
Surface finish, also known as surface texture or surface topography, is the nature of a surface as defined by the three characteristics of lay, surface roughness, and waviness. [1] It comprises the small, local deviations of a surface from the perfectly flat ideal (a true plane ).
Waviness is the measurement of the more widely spaced component of surface texture.It is a broader view of roughness because it is more strictly defined as "the irregularities whose spacing is greater than the roughness sampling length".