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It guides international development practitioners in the process of conducting resilience assessments. It is used as a survey-based tool in program evaluation to measure impact as well as to monitor active projects for purposes of adaptive management. [2] The MSRI incorporates resilience measurement of both market system actors and households.
The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was developed by Kathryn M. Connor and Jonathan R.T. Davidson as a means of assessing resilience. [1] The CD-RISC is based on Connor and Davidson's operational definition of resilience, which is the ability to "thrive in the face of adversity." Since its development in 2003, the CD-RISC has been ...
The SPF is the only measure that has been shown to assess social and cognitive protective factors. [2] The SPF includes four sub-scales that indicate the strengths and weaknesses that contribute to overall resilience. The SPF is the only measure to have been used in measuring resilience in sexual assault survivors within the United States. [3]
Venezuela's economy is highly dependent on oil production and exportation. [2] Venezuela is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Its economy is prone to disruption given that price of oil fluctuates rapidly. In 2014, oil prices dropped. Since then Venezuela has had to adapt to a significant decrease in state revenue.
The Democracy in Latin America and the Caribbean can be compared [1] according to the different definitions of democracy. [2] The V-Dem Democracy indices considers the Latin American and Caribbean countries with the highest democracy scores in 2023 as Costa Rica, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay and Jamaica and countries with lowest democracy scores as Nicaragua, Cuba and Venezuela. [3]
In 2018, Venezuela's debt grew to US$156 billion [310] and as of March 2019, its reserves had dropped to US$8 billion. [311] With the exception of PDVSA's 2020 bonds, [312] as of January 2019, all of Venezuela's bonds are in default, [313] and Venezuela's government and state-owned companies owe nearly US$8 billion in unpaid interest and ...
The Sustainable Society Index (SSI) shows the level of sustainability of 213 assessed countries. It shows in a simple way the distance to full sustainability for each of the 21 indicators that build up the SSI. [ 1 ]
The Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (Spanish: Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional, SEBIN) is the premier intelligence agency in Venezuela.SEBIN is an internal security force subordinate to the Vice President of Venezuela since 2012 and is dependent on Vice President Delcy Rodríguez. [4]