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The reliability scores of the scales in terms of Cronbach's alpha scores rate the Depression scale at 0.91, the Anxiety scale at 0.84, and the Stress scale at 0.90 in the normative sample. The means and standard deviations for each scale are 6.34 and 6.97 for depression, 4.7 and 4.91 for anxiety, and 10.11 and 7.91 for stress, respectively.
Base rates and prevalence. About 8% of children and adolescents suffer from depression. [7] In 2016, 51% of students (teens) who visited a counseling center reported having anxiety, followed by depression (41%), relationship concerns (34%) and suicidal ideation (20.5%). [8] Many students reported experiencing multiple conditions at once.
The pandemic resulted in spikes in anxiety and depression in the general public. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of people across the globe. [1][2][3][4] The pandemic has caused widespread anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. [4][5][6] According to the UN health agency WHO, in the first year of ...
Anxiety is an emotion which is characterised by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil and includes feelings of dread over anticipated events. [1][2][3] Anxiety is different from fear in that fear is defined as the emotional response to a present threat, whereas anxiety is the anticipation of a future one. [4] It is often accompanied by nervous ...
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., an addictive substance, a medication) or another medical condition. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder, such as panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or autism spectrum disorder.
Female medical students may respond to the stress with stronger manifestations of anxiety. Physiological, psychological and behavioral stressors are found to be related to the metabolic changes of the body. [ 14] Stress may also harm professional effectiveness. It decreases attention, reduces concentration, impinges on decision-making skills ...
Depressive realism. Depressive realism is the hypothesis developed by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Yvonne Abramson [1] that depressed individuals make more realistic inferences than non-depressed individuals. Although depressed individuals are thought to have a negative cognitive bias that results in recurrent, negative automatic thoughts, maladaptive ...
Test anxiety. Test anxiety is a combination of physiological over-arousal, tension and somatic symptoms, along with worry, dread, fear of failure, and catastrophizing, that occur before or during test situations. [1] It is a psychological condition in which people experience extreme stress, anxiety, and discomfort during and/or before taking a ...