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Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. [10] It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. [10] It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis. [10]
Treatment for both pregnant and non-pregnant women is usually with metronidazole, [32] by mouth once. [31] Caution should be used in pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. [33] Sexual partners, even if they have no symptoms, should also be treated. [23] Single oral dose of nitroimidazole is sufficient to kill the parasites. [34]
Metronidazole is an antibiotic with an off-label use in eradicating H. pylori for treating gastric ulceration. Resistance of metronidazole is above 15% worldwide. [32] It is likely to be resistant so is not the first line choice of treatment. [44]
Usage of aspirin for pain relief during pregnancy is not recommended. Aspirin use during pregnancy has not demonstrated an increased risk of spontaneous abortion within the early weeks of pregnancy. However, its usage during organogenesis and the third trimester can lead to elevated risk of intrauterine growth retardation and maternal ...
During pregnancy, paromomycin is the preferred treatment drug because of its poor intestinal absorption, resulting in less exposure to the foetus. [64] Alternatively, metronidazole can be used after the first trimester as there has been wide experience in its use for trichomonas in pregnancy. [20] [65]
Usually treatment is with an antibiotic, such as clindamycin or metronidazole. [9] [6] These medications may also be used in the second or third trimesters of pregnancy. [6] The antiseptic boric acid can also be effective. [10] BV often recurs following treatment. [6] Probiotics may help prevent re-occurrence.
A sensitive serum pregnancy test is typically obtained to rule out ectopic pregnancy. Culdocentesis will differentiate hemoperitoneum (ruptured ectopic pregnancy or hemorrhagic cyst) from pelvic sepsis (salpingitis, ruptured pelvic abscess, or ruptured appendix). [28] Pelvic and vaginal ultrasounds are helpful in the diagnosis of PID.
A medical guideline (also called a clinical guideline, standard treatment guideline, or clinical practice guideline) is a document with the aim of guiding decisions and criteria regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment in specific areas of healthcare. Such documents have been in use for thousands of years during the entire history of ...