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About 85% of stones occur in the submandibular gland, [3] and 5–10% occur in the parotid gland. [2] In about 0–5% of cases, the sublingual gland or a minor salivary gland is affected. [ 2 ] When minor glands are rarely involved, caliculi are more likely in the minor glands of the buccal mucosa and the maxillary labial mucosa. [ 4 ]
1990: Konigsberger and Gundlach separately performed sialoendoscopy when they introduced an endoscope into the major salivary glands. [3] [4] 1991, Katz introduced a 0.8-millimeter flexible endoscope to diagnose and treat salivary gland stones. [5] 1994, Nahlieli used a rigid miniendoscope to diagnose and treat major salivary gland obstructions ...
Formation of stones in glandular ducts can result in the development of obstructive sialadenitis. There may be a history of abrupt episodic swelling of the parotid or submandibular gland which is usually painful. These episodes typically occur around meal times, lasting 2–3 hours, and gradually subside.
Strictures are the second most common cause of chronic obstructive sialadenitis, after salivary stones. [1] In line with this, strictures may give rise to the "meal time syndrome", [1] where there is pain and swelling of the involved salivary gland upon salivary stimulation with the sight, smell and taste of food.
Sialodochitis (also termed ductal sialadenitis), [1] is inflammation of the duct system of a salivary gland. [2] This is compared to sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the gland parenchyma. [3] Sialodochitis may be associated with salivary duct strictures and salivary stones. [4] It is common in both the parotid glands and submandibular ...
The paired submandibular glands (historically known as submaxillary glands) are major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth.In adult humans, they each weigh about 15 grams and contribute some 60–67% of unstimulated saliva secretion; on stimulation their contribution decreases in proportion as parotid gland secretion rises to 50%. [1]
The submandibular gland is medial to the angle of the mandible, and it drains its mixture of serous and mucous saliva via the submandibular duct (Wharton duct) into the mouth, usually opening in a punctum in the floor of mouth. The sublingual gland is below the tongue, on the floor of the mouth; it drains its mostly mucous saliva into the mouth ...
Besides, when interventional proecudre is planned such as stone removal from salivary ducts or dilatation of the strictures in the salivary gland, this procedure is also indicated. [4] However, for those who are pregnant, with allergy to iodinated contrast , and ongoing infection or inflammation of the face, the procedure is contraindicated.