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Napoleon's Crimes: A Blueprint for Hitler (French: Le Crime de Napoléon) is a book published in 2005 by French writer Claude Ribbe, who is of Caribbean origin. In the book, Ribbe advances the thesis that Napoleon Bonaparte during the Haitian Revolution first used gas chambers as a method of mass execution, 140 years before Hitler and the Nazis .
The 1810 Penal Code. The Penal Code of 1810 (French: Code pénal de 1810) was a code of criminal law created under Napoleon which replaced the Penal Code of 1791. [1] Among other things, this code reinstated a life imprisonment punishment, as well as branding.
Les cinq codes (English: the five codes) was a set of legal codes established under Napoléon I between 1804 and 1810: Code civil (1804), the first and best known; Code de procédure civile (1806) Code de commerce (1807) Code d’instruction criminelle (1808) Code pénal (1810)
The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, [5] sometimes called the Great French War, were a series of conflicts between the French and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul ...
A war crime is a violation of the laws of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility for actions by combatants in action, such as intentionally killing civilians or intentionally killing prisoners of war, torture, taking hostages, unnecessarily destroying civilian property, deception by perfidy, wartime sexual violence, pillaging, and for any individual that is part of the ...
The definition of an "apology" is not specified. It may be the desire to justify a crime, which is not to be confused with praise or provocation (incitement) to commit this crime: "it is enough that such remarks, once projected into the future , encourage people to pass a favorable judgment on crimes of this nature."
The French Penal Code of 1791 was a penal code adopted during the French Revolution by the Constituent Assembly, between 25 September and 6 October 1791.It was France's first penal code, and was influenced by the Enlightenment thinking of Montesquieu and Cesare Beccaria.
German historiography may count the War of the Second Coalition (1798/9–1801/2), during which Napoleon had seized power, as the Erster Napoleonischer Krieg ("First Napoleonic War"). [ 50 ] In Dutch historiography, it is common to refer to the 7 major wars between 1792 and 1815 as the Coalition Wars ( coalitieoorlogen ), referring to the first ...