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Leukoplakia is, therefore, the most common premalignant lesion that occurs in the mouth. [41] Leukoplakia is more common in middle-aged and elderly males. [30] The prevalence increases with increasing age. [2] In areas of the world where smokeless tobacco use is common, there is a higher prevalence. [2]
A soft diet may be involved as normally food has an abrasive action on the tongue, which keeps the filiform papillae short. Pellagra , a condition caused by niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency, may cause a thick greyish fur to develop on the dorsal tongue, along with other oral signs.
Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch on the side of the tongue with a corrugated or hairy appearance. It is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and occurs usually in persons who are immunocompromised , especially those with human immunodeficiency virus infection/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).
Scientists have proven that intralesional injection of autologous bone marrow stem cells is a safe and effective treatment modality in oral submucosal fibrosis. It has been shown autologous bone marrow stem cell injections induces angiogenesis in the lesion area, which in turn decreases the extent of fibrosis, thereby leading to significant ...
Head and neck cancer is a general term encompassing multiple cancers that can develop in the head and neck region. These include cancers of the mouth, tongue, gums and lips (oral cancer), voice box (), throat (nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, [1] hypopharyngeal), salivary glands, nose and sinuses.
Dark-skinned people may have a melanotic line along the gum margin. Abnormal findings include swelling, cyanosis, paleness, dryness, sponginess, bleeding or discoloration. Diseases include leukoplakia, epulis, gingival hyperplasia, gingivitis, periodontitis and aphthous ulcer (canker sore).
Apples. The original source of sweetness for many of the early settlers in the United States, the sugar from an apple comes with a healthy dose of fiber.
Erythroplakia is analogous to the term leukoplakia which describes white patches. Together, these are the 2 traditionally accepted types of premalignant lesion in the mouth, [9] [10] When a lesion contains both red and white areas, the term "speckled leukoplakia" or "eyrthroleukoplakia" is used.