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Viral cardiomyopathy occurs when viral infections cause myocarditis with a resulting thickening of the myocardium and dilation of the ventricles. These viruses include Coxsackie B and adenovirus, echoviruses, influenza H1N1, Epstein–Barr virus, rubella (German measles virus), varicella (chickenpox virus), mumps, measles, parvoviruses, yellow fever, dengue fever, polio, rabies, and the ...
Viral-induced dilated cardiomyopathy can be characterized using different methods. A 2011 study showed in coxsackievirus infected heart proteome , increased levels of fibrotic extracellular matrix proteins and reduced amounts of energy-producing enzymes can be observed suggesting they could be characteristic in enteroviral cardiomyopathy.
Viral myocarditis being an outcome of viral infection depends heavily on genetic host factors and the pathogenicity unique to the virus. [56] If one tests positive for an acute viral infection, clinical developments have discovered that 1-5% of said population may show some form of myocarditis.
Treatment depends on the type of cardiomyopathy and the severity of symptoms. [5] Treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery. [5] Surgery may include a ventricular assist device or heart transplant. [5] In 2015 cardiomyopathy and myocarditis affected 2.5 million people. [6]
Or, it may be the late sequelae of acute viral myocarditis, such as with Coxsackie B virus and other enteroviruses [14] possibly mediated through an immunologic mechanism. [15] Specific autoantibodies are detectable in some cases. [16] Other causes include: Chagas disease, due to Trypanosoma cruzi.
As of 2008, there is no well-accepted treatment for the Coxsackie B group of viruses. [1] Palliative care is available, however, and patients with chest pain or stiffness of the neck should be examined for signs of cardiac or central nervous system involvement, respectively. Some measure of prevention can usually be achieved by basic sanitation ...
HIV-1 virions infect cardiomyocytes in patches but there is no direct correlation between viral infection and dysfunction of cardiomyocytes. HIV-related cardiomyopathy is often not associated with any specific opportunistic infection , and approximately 40% of patients have not experienced any opportunistic infection before the onset of cardiac ...
Pericarditis may be caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infection. In the developing world the bacterial disease tuberculosis is a common cause, whereas in the developed world viruses are believed to be the cause of about 85% of cases. [6] Viral causes include coxsackievirus, herpesvirus, mumps virus, and HIV among others. [4]