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Intramuscular injections began to be used for administration of vaccines for diphtheria in 1923, whooping cough in 1926, and tetanus in 1927. [30] By the 1970s, researchers and instructors began forming guidance on injection site and technique to reduce the risk of injection complications and side effects such as pain. [8]
The recommended dosage is 250 mg to 1 gram given intravenously every 6 to 8 hours or in intramuscular doses of no more than 1.5 gm daily, usually for five to 14 days. It is commercially available as Primaxin as 250-mg or 500-mg infusion bottles for IV use or 500-mg or 750-mg vials of lyophilized powder for IM injection.
Injection site reactions (ISRs) are reactions that occur at the site of injection of a drug. They may be mild or severe and may or may not require medical intervention. Some reactions may appear immediately after injection, and some may be delayed. [1] Such reactions can occur with subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous administration.
Injections generally administer a medication as a bolus (or one-time) dose, but can also be used for continuous drug administration. [3] After injection, a medication may be designed to be released slowly, called a depot injection, which can produce long-lasting effects. An injection necessarily causes a small puncture wound to the body, and ...
Self-administration is, in its medical sense, the process of a subject administering a pharmacological substance to themself. A clinical example of this is the subcutaneous "self-injection" of insulin by a diabetic patient. In animal experimentation, self-administration is a form of operant conditioning where the reward is a drug. This drug can ...
Injector pens increase patient adherence by increasing the ease of self-administering injectable medication, as well as the portability of injection medication. [2] Furthermore, injector pens are easier to handle and use than vials and syringes, making them useful in people with low dexterity, cognitive or visual impairment, or those who worry ...
It is recommended for short-term use and is given once a month by injection into a muscle. [3] Common side effects of EC/MPA include irregular menstrual periods which typically improves with time. [3] Other side effects include blood clots, headache, hair loss, depression, nausea, and breast pain. [3] [4] Use during pregnancy is not recommended ...
It is given by injection into a muscle. [1] Part of the dose is injected at the site of the wound. [2] Common side effects include pain at the site of injection and fever. [1] Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis may rarely occur. [1] There is also a very low risk of the spread of infections such as viral hepatitis and HIV/AIDS with the ...