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In numerical analysis, Aitken's delta-squared process or Aitken extrapolation is a series acceleration method used for accelerating the rate of convergence of a sequence. It is named after Alexander Aitken, who introduced this method in 1926. [1] It is most useful for accelerating the convergence of a sequence that is converging linearly.
Steffensen's method can be derived as an adaptation of Aitken's delta-squared process applied to fixed-point iteration. Viewed in this way, Steffensen's method naturally generalizes to efficient fixed-point calculation in general Banach spaces , whenever fixed points are guaranteed to exist and fixed-point iteration is guaranteed to converge ...
A variety of much more rapidly convergent and special-case tools have been developed in the 20th century, including Richardson extrapolation, introduced by Lewis Fry Richardson in the early 20th century but also known and used by Katahiro Takebe in 1722; the Aitken delta-squared process, introduced by Alexander Aitken in 1926 but also known and ...
One example of series acceleration by sequence transformation is Aitken's delta-squared process. These methods in general, and in particular Aitken's method, ...
Del squared may refer to: Laplace operator, a differential operator often denoted by the symbol ∇ 2; Hessian matrix, sometimes denoted by ∇ 2; Aitken's delta-squared process, a numerical analysis technique used for accelerating the rate of convergence of a sequence
The speed of convergence of the iteration sequence can be increased by using a convergence acceleration method such as Anderson acceleration and Aitken's delta-squared process. The application of Aitken's method to fixed-point iteration is known as Steffensen's method , and it can be shown that Steffensen's method yields a rate of convergence ...
Aitken's delta-squared process — most useful for linearly converging sequences; Minimum polynomial extrapolation — for vector sequences; Richardson extrapolation; Shanks transformation — similar to Aitken's delta-squared process, but applied to the partial sums; Van Wijngaarden transformation — for accelerating the convergence of an ...
See also Aitken's delta-squared process or Aitken extrapolation. External links. Weisstein, Eric W. "Aitken Interpolation". MathWorld