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All but five papal conclaves since 1455 have been held in the Apostolic Palace. The 1799–1800 papal conclave was held in San Giorgio Monastery in Venice, the last papal election site outside of Rome. The Quirinal Palace was the site of the four conclaves prior to the seizure of Rome by the forces of the Italian unification.
This conclave was held in Venice and was the last to take place outside Rome. This period was marked by uncertainty for the papacy and the Roman Catholic Church following the invasion of the Papal States and abduction of Pius VI under the French Directory .
The March–April 1605 papal conclave was convened on the death of Pope Clement VIII and ended with the election of Cardinal Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici as Pope Leo XI. It was the first of two papal conclaves in 1605 ; Leo died on 27 April 1605, twenty-six days after he was elected.
It was in 1975 that Paul VI decreed that those 80 years of age or older were not allowed to vote in papal conclaves. In 1587 Pope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, following the precedent of Moses who was assisted by 70 elders in governing the Children of Israel: 6 cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. [18]
The cardinals arrived slowly in Rome, with just 37 attending the papal funeral on 14 February [13] and 46 at a funeral Mass on 18 February. [14] By 20 February, starting the conclave on 28 February appeared to be a possibility, as only three non-Italians had yet to arrive: William Henry O'Connell of Boston, Sebastião da Silveira Cintra of Rio ...
A papal conclave was held from 19 to 21 June 1963 to elect a successor of John XXIII, who had died on 3 June 1963. The cardinal electors assembled in Rome and, after six ballots, elected Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini, Archbishop of Milan. He accepted the election and took the name Paul VI.
He set the start of the conclave at ten to fifteen days from the death of the pope and allowed the cardinals to extend that to as long as eighteen days. [15] It had taken the American cardinals from fifteen (6 February) to eighteen days (9 February) to arrive in Rome. For the 1939 papal conclave, the college waited the maximum eighteen days. [16]
The 1513 papal conclave, occasioned by the death of Pope Julius II on 21 February 1513, opened on 4 March with twenty-five cardinals in attendance, out of a total number of thirty-one. The Conclave was presided over by Cardinal Raffaele Sansoni Riario , who was both Dean of the College of Cardinals and Cardinal Chamberlain of the Holy Roman ...