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A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula (/ ˈ b ɛ tj ʊ l ə /), [2] in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams.It is closely related to the beech-oak family Fagaceae.
Betula pubescens is known as downy birch, with other common names including moor birch, white birch, European white birch or hairy birch. [3] It is a deciduous tree growing to 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 ft) tall (rarely to 27 m), with a slender crown and a trunk up to 70 cm (28 in) (exceptionally 1 m) in diameter, with smooth but dull grey-white bark ...
Bears, small mammals, birds, and insects also rely on the shrub as a food source. [2] American dwarf birch provides cover for ptarmigans, and grizzly bears use it consistently to construct their dens. [2] This species is valued for its erosion control potential, and has been used to help stabilize stream-banks. [2]
Betula occidentalis, the water birch or red birch, is a species of birch native to western North America, in Canada from Yukon east to Northwestern Ontario and southwards, and in the United States from eastern Washington east to western North Dakota, [citation needed] and south to eastern California, northern Arizona and northern New Mexico, and southwestern Alaska.
Betula alleghaniensis, forest emblem of Quebec, [6] Canada. Betula alleghaniensis is a medium-sized, typically single-stemmed, deciduous tree reaching 60–80 feet (18–24 m) tall (exceptionally to 100 ft (30 m)) [2] [7] with a trunk typically 2–3 ft (0.61–0.91 m) in diameter, making it the largest North American species of birch.
The silver birch is a hardy tree, a pioneer species, and one of the first trees to appear on bare or fire-swept land. Many species of birds and animals are found in birch woodland, the tree supports a wide range of insects and the light shade it casts allows shrubby and other plants to grow beneath its canopy. It is planted decoratively in ...
Betula papyrifera (paper birch, [5] also known as (American) white birch [5] and canoe birch [5]) is a short-lived species of birch native to northern North America. Paper birch is named after the tree's thin white bark, which often peels in paper -like layers from the trunk.
Betula pumila (dwarf birch [2] or bog birch [3]) is a deciduous shrub native to North America. Bog birch occurs over a vast area of northern North America, from Yukon in the west to New England in the east and all the way to Washington and Oregon , inhabiting swamps and riparian zones in the boreal forests.