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Reactive gastropathy, is characterized histologically by: [2] - Foveolar hyperplasia (black arrow), as a tortuosity in the "neck" region of the gastric glands. - Scant or minimal inflammatory cells (white arrow), i.e. lack of large numbers of neutrophils and plasma cells.. - Smooth muscle hyperplasia in the lamina propria (in black oval).
3–7% of people having duodenal biopsy Duodenal lymphocytosis , sometimes called lymphocytic duodenitis , lymphocytic duodenosis , or duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis , is a condition where an increased number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes is seen in biopsies of the duodenal mucosa when these are examined microscopically.
Owing to the causal relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric MALT lymphoma, identification of the infection is imperative. Histological examination of GI biopsies yields a sensitivity of 95% with five biopsies, [7] but these should be from sites uninvolved by lymphoma and the identification of the organism may be compromised by areas of extensive intestinal metaplasia.
An elevated IEL population, as determined by biopsy, typically indicates ongoing inflammation within the mucosa. In diseases such as celiac sprue , IEL elevation throughout the small intestine is one of many specific markers. [ 1 ]
Chronic inflammation caused by H. pylori infection in the stomach and GERD in the esophagus are seen as the primary instigators of metaplasia and subsequent adenocarcinoma formation. Initially, the transformed epithelium resembles the small intestine lining; in the later stages it resembles the lining of the colon.
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) [1] is a component of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) which works in the immune system to protect the body from invasion in the gut. Owing to its physiological function in food absorption, the mucosal surface is thin and acts as a permeable barrier to the interior of the body.
The esophageal mucosa (stratified squamous epithelium) is seen on the right. The gastric mucosa (simple columnar epithelium) is seen on the left. The metaplastic epithelial is at the junction (center of image) and has an intensely eosinophilic (bright pink) cytoplasm. H&E stain. Specialty: Oncology
Diagram of the alkaline mucous layer in the stomach with mucosal defense mechanisms. The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach, which contains the gastric pits, to which the gastric glands empty. In humans, it is about one mm thick, and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety.
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