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Oroxylum indicum is a species of flowering plant of the monotypic genus Oroxylum in the family Bignoniaceae. [2] [3]: 128 It is commonly called Indian trumpet tree, [4] oroxylum, [5] Indian trumpet flower, [6] broken bones, [7] scythe tree, [8] tree of Damocles, [4] or midnight horror [9] It can reach a height of 18 metres (59 ft).
The leaves grow opposite each other on the stem. They are glabrous, sub- sessile , elliptical , and lanceolate (long and wider in the middle; average dimensions are 1.5–5.0 cm x 0.5–2 cm or .6–2 in x 0.2–0.8 in), acuminate (tapering to a long point), and have depressed veins on the dorsal surface.
The leaves are simple, deciduous, alternate, clustered near the ends of twigs. They are oval, 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long and 2–5 cm ( 3 ⁄ 4 –2 in) broad with a 0.6–2 cm ( 1 ⁄ 4 – 3 ⁄ 4 in) petiole, shiny and green on top, and a dull, paler green below; [ 7 ] they have tiny teeth on the margins, and 10–12 pairs of pinnate veins.
Leaves are dark green, opposite and bifoliate. Leaflets have a length of 3 to 4 cm (1.2 to 1.6 in). Long primary roots extend beneath the soil surface, producing large tubers 40–50 cm (16–20 in) long. [4] Flowers are yellow, have a diameter of 4 to 5 cm (1.6 to 2.0 in) and can grow alone or in groups of two or three.
Uncaria tomentosa is a liana deriving its name from hook-like thorns that resemble the claws of a cat. [2] U. tomentosa can grow to a length of up to 30 m (100 ft), climbing by means of these thorns. [1] The leaves are elliptic with a smooth edge, and grow in opposing pairs.
Older leaves can become tough and fibrous, but younger leaves are suitable for consumption. In contrast to the edible leaves of dandelion, catsear leaves only rarely have some bitterness. In Crete , Greece , the leaves of a variety called παχιές ( pachiés ) or αγριοράδικα ( agriorádika ) are eaten boiled or steamed.
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The leaves are used as herbal medicine to alleviate cough and fever, pain, and general gastrointestinal disorders as well as to cure dermatologic disorders. Similarly, the fruit juice and oils can be used in the treatment of liver disease, gastrointestinal disorders, chronic wounds or other dermatological disorders. [86] Hoodia gordonii: Hoodia