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The 100-ton gun (also known as the Armstrong 100-ton gun) [6] was a british coastal defense gun and is the world's largest black powder cannon. It was a 17.72-inch (450 mm) rifled muzzle-loading (RML) gun made by Elswick Ordnance Company, the armaments division of the British manufacturing company Armstrong Whitworth, owned by William Armstrong.
The gun's primary projectile was Palliser shot or shell, an early armour-piercing projectile for attacking armoured warships. A large battering charge of 50 lb (23 kg) P (pebble) or 43 lb (20 kg) R.L.G. (rifle large grain) gunpowder [ 10 ] was used for the Palliser projectile to achieve maximum velocity and hence penetrating capability.
Muzzle-loading artillery came in smoothbore and rifled form, the rifled guns increasingly taking over from the smoothbores as time past and technology improved. Most were made of bronze because of a lack of metallurgic technology, but cast and wrought-iron guns were common as well, particularly later on.
A rifled muzzle loader in the forecastle of HMS Gannet (1878). A rifled muzzle loader (RML) is a type of large artillery piece invented in the mid-19th century. In contrast to smooth bore cannon which preceded it, the rifling of the gun barrel allowed much greater accuracy and penetration as the spin induced to the shell gave it directional stability.
The gun originated from a desire for a longer 12 in (30 cm) gun than the existing RML 12-inch 35-ton gun.Experiments in 1874 with both 12 in (30 cm) and 12.5 in (32 cm) versions 3 ft (91 cm) longer than the existing 12 in (30 cm) gun showed the 12.5 in (32 cm) calibre was more suitable, and further experiments showed a projectile of 800 lb (360 kg) could be fired with a charge of 130 lb (59 kg ...
Early 15th-century Flemish giant cannon Dulle Griet at Ghent (caliber of 660 mm). This list contains all types of cannon through the ages listed in decreasing caliber size. For the purpose of this list, the development of large-calibre artillery can be divided into three periods, based on the kind of projectiles used, due to their dissimilar characteristics, and being practically ...
The gun was constructed of a toughened mild steel inner "A" tube surrounded by multiple wrought-iron coils, breech-piece and a jacket. Rifling was of the "polygroove plain section" type, with 33 grooves increasing from 0 to 1 turn in 50 calibres (i.e. 1 turn in 800 in (2,000 cm)) at the muzzle.
Artillery has been one of primary weapons of war since before the Napoleonic Era. Several countries have developed and built artillery systems, while artillery itself has been continually improved and redesigned to meet the evolving needs of the battlefield. This has led to a multitude of different types and designs which have played a role in ...