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The wolf (Canis lupus; [b] pl.: wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, including the dog and dingo , though gray wolves, as popularly understood, only comprise naturally-occurring wild subspecies.
The dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus[10] / iːˈnɒsaɪ.ɒn ˈdaɪrəs /) is an extinct canine. The dire wolf lived in the Americas (with a possible single record also known from East Asia) during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene epochs (125,000–9,500 years ago). The species was named in 1858, four years after the first specimen had been found.
minor (Ogerien, 1863) niger (Hermann, 1804) orientalis (Wagner, 1841) orientalis (Dybowski, 1922) signatus (Cabrera, 1907) [2] The Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus), also known as the common wolf, [3] is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Europe and Asia. It was once widespread throughout Eurasia prior to the Middle Ages.
The eastern wolf (Canis lycaon[ 5 ] or Canis lupus lycaon[ 6 ][ 7 ]), also known as the timber wolf, [ 8 ]Algonquin wolf and eastern timber wolf, [ 9 ] is a canine of debated taxonomy native to the Great Lakes region and southeastern Canada. It is considered to be either a unique subspecies of gray wolf or red wolf or a separate species from ...
The Arctic wolf (Canis lupus arctos), also known as the white wolf, polar wolf, and the Arctic grey wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to the High Arctic tundra of Canada's Queen Elizabeth Islands, from Melville Island to Ellesmere Island. [ 3 ][ 4 ] Unlike some populations that move between tundra and forest regions, [ 5 ] Arctic wolves ...
The Himalayan wolf (Canis lupus chanco) [4] is a canine of debated taxonomy. [3] It is distinguished by its genetic markers, with mitochondrial DNA indicating that it is genetically basal to the Holarctic grey wolf, genetically the same wolf as the Tibetan and Mongolian wolf, [5] [6] [3] and has an association with the African wolf (Canis lupaster).
The Great Plains wolf (Canis lupus nubilus), also known as the buffalo wolf or loafer, is a subspecies of gray wolf that once extended throughout the Great Plains, from southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan in Canada southward to northern Texas in the United States. [ 5 ] The subspecies was thought to be extinct in 1926, until studies declared ...
The Mexican wolf is the smallest of North America's gray wolves, [9] while also being one of the more colorful and visually-distinctive subspecies. It is similar to the Great Plains wolf (C. l. nubilus), albeit distinguishable by a smaller, narrower skull and darker, more variable pelage (which is typically a sandy- to yellowish-gray with "highlights" of blacks, browns and some whites).