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The prism cover test (PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. [1] It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the vertical and horizontal deviation and includes both manifest and latent components. [ 1 ]
In the fields of optometry and ophthalmology, the Hirschberg test, also Hirschberg corneal reflex test, is a screening test that can be used to assess whether a person has strabismus (ocular misalignment). A photographic version of the Hirschberg test is used to quantify strabismus. [1]
Adult and child observers perceived a right heterotropia as more disturbing than a left heterotropia, and child observers perceived an esotropia as "worse" than an exotropia. [22] Successful surgical correction of strabismus, for adult as well as children, has been shown to have a significantly positive effect on psychological well-being. [23] [24]
The cover test should be considered prior to testing VA patients with strabismus, for occlusion during testing may dissociate an unstable ocular deviation. In the case of intermittent or latent deviations, for dissociative complications leading to misdiagnosis, it is also advised that binocular vision is tested prior, along with stereo testing.
Most adults with strabismus have had this condition since they were young, according to the AAO. They can also develop strabismus later in life due to problems with the muscles that move the eyes ...
Although glasses and/or patching therapy, exercises, or prisms may reduce or help control the outward-turning eye in some children, surgery is often required. A common form of exotropia is known as "convergence insufficiency" that responds well to orthoptic vision therapy including exercises. This disorder is characterized by an inability of ...
Strabismus surgery is a one-day procedure that is usually performed under general anesthesia most commonly by either a neuro- or pediatric ophthalmologist. [1] The patient spends only a few hours in the hospital with minimal preoperative preparation. After surgery, the patient should expect soreness and redness but is generally free to return ...
The management of strabismus may include the use of drugs or surgery to correct the strabismus. Agents used include paralytic agents such as botox used on extraocular muscles , [ 1 ] topical autonomic nervous system agents to alter the refractive index in the eyes, and agents that act in the central nervous system to correct amblyopia.