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Ozone depletion and climate change, or Ozone hole global warming in more popular terms, are environmental challenges whose connections have been explored and which have been compared and contrasted, for example in terms of global regulation, in various studies and books.
The main causes of ozone depletion and the ozone hole are manufactured chemicals, especially manufactured halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and foam- blowing agents ( chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HCFCs, halons ), referred to as ozone-depleting substances (ODS). [2] These compounds are transported into the stratosphere by turbulent mixing after being emitted from the surface ...
Ground-level ozone ( O3 ), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in the troposphere (the lowest level of the Earth's atmosphere ), with an average concentration of 20–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), with close to 100 ppbv in polluted areas. [1] [2] Ozone is also an important constituent of the ...
The ozone layer is on track to fully recover from its depletion within the next four decades, a panel of scientists gathered by the United Nations said on Monday.
[48] [49] [50] It excludes water vapor because changes in its concentrations are calculated as a climate change feedback indirectly caused by changes in other greenhouse gases, as well as ozone, whose concentrations are only modified indirectly by various refrigerants that cause ozone depletion.
Effects of climate change are well documented and growing for Earth's natural environment and human societies. Changes to the climate system include an overall warming trend, changes to precipitation patterns, and more extreme weather. As the climate changes it impacts the natural environment with effects such as more intense forest fires, thawing permafrost, and desertification. These changes ...
The scientific community has been investigating the causes of climate change for decades. After thousands of studies, it came to a consensus, where it is "unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land since pre-industrial times." [1] : 3 This consensus is supported by around 200 scientific organizations worldwide, [2] The dominant role in this climate change has ...
The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion is a sequence of reports sponsored by WMO / UNEP. The most recent report is from 2018. The reports were set up to inform the Montreal Protocol and amendments about ozone depletion .