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If conservative treatment of a minor ingrown toenail does not succeed or if the ingrown toenail is severe, surgical management by a podiatrist is recommended. [1] The initial surgical approach is typically a partial avulsion of the nail plate known as a wedge resection or a complete removal of the toenail. [ 1 ]
While ingrown nails can occur in the nails of both the hands and the feet, they occur most commonly with the toenails (as opposed to fingernails). [citation needed] A common misconception is that the cause of an ingrown toenail is the nail growing into the paronychium, but it can also be caused by overgrown toe skin. [2]
Complications may include cellulitis of the lower leg. [3] A number of different types of fungus can cause onychomycosis, including dermatophytes and Fusarium . [ 3 ] Risk factors include athlete's foot , other nail diseases , exposure to someone with the condition, peripheral vascular disease , and poor immune function . [ 3 ]
An ingrown toenail is sometimes treatable at home using soaks and antiseptics to soften the nail. Learn when a provider visit would be in order. How to Fix an Ingrown Toenail With or Without Surgery
For home treatment, the American Academy of Dermatology recommends clipping the loose piece of skin with a clean nail clipper or nail scissors, and applying over-the-counter antibiotic ointment if the area appears inflamed. Persistent hangnails should be evaluated by a physician. [5]
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Onycholysis is a common medical condition characterized by the painless detachment of the nail from the nail bed, usually starting at the tip and/or sides. [1] On the hands, it occurs particularly on the ring finger but can occur on any of the fingernails.
Toenails which protrude unevenly may concentrate force on the toenail; properly-cut nails are therefore also important. [4] Some susceptible runners may also have Morton's toe. In this variant of human foot anatomy, the second toe extends further out than the great toe. This can make it harder to find shoes with adequate space around the toes.