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Identity management (ID management) – or identity and access management (IAM) – is the organizational and technical processes for first registering and authorizing access rights in the configuration phase, and then in the operation phase for identifying, authenticating and controlling individuals or groups of people to have access to applications, systems or networks based on previously ...
In some related but distinct contexts, the term AAA has been used to refer to protocol-specific information. For example, Diameter uses the URI scheme AAA, which also stands for "Authentication, Authorization and Accounting", as well as the Diameter-based Protocol AAAS, which stands for "Authentication, Authorization and Accounting with Secure Transport". [4]
CIAM solutions are generally designed to scale to handle tens-of-millions of users or more in B2C environments. IAM is common in large organizations to control a wide scope of internal user access points including computer hardware access, file and resource permissions, network access permissions, application access, and human resource needs.
Attribute-based access control (ABAC), also known as policy-based access control for IAM, defines an access control paradigm whereby a subject's authorization to perform a set of operations is determined by evaluating attributes associated with the subject, object, requested operations, and, in some cases, environment attributes.
ITDR also finds gaps left by IAM and privileged access management (PAM) systems. [4] ITDR requires monitoring identity systems for misuse and compromise. It uses lower latency detections than general security systems. ITDR involves coordination between IAM and security teams. [1] ITDR uses the MITRE ATT&CK framework against known attack vectors.
It can involve high-trust, high-security scenarios as well as low-trust, low-security scenarios. The levels of identity assurance that may be required for a given scenario are also being standardized through a common and open Identity Assurance Framework. It can involve user-centric use-cases, as well as enterprise-centric use-cases.
The earliest forms of Identity-based security was introduced in the 1960s by computer scientist Fernando Corbató. [4] During this time, Corbató invented computer passwords to prevent users from going through other people's files, a problem evident in his Compatible Time-Sharing System (C.T.S.S.), which allowed multiple users access to a computer concurrently. [5]
An identity provider (abbreviated IdP or IDP) is a system entity that creates, maintains, and manages identity information for principals and also provides authentication services to relying applications within a federation or distributed network. [1]