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Gingerol ([6]-gingerol) is a phenolic phytochemical compound found in fresh ginger that activates heat receptors on the tongue. [1] [2] It is normally found as a pungent yellow oil in the ginger rhizome, but can also form a low-melting crystalline solid.
The tannin compounds are widely distributed in many species of plants, where they play a role in protection from predation (acting as pesticides) and might help in regulating plant growth. [1] The astringency from the tannins is what causes the dry and puckery feeling in the mouth following the consumption of unripened fruit, red wine or tea. [2]
[10] [11] Tea has one of the highest contents of flavonoids among common food and beverage products. [7] Catechins are the largest type of flavonoids in growing tea leaves. [6] According to a report released by USDA, in a 200-ml cup of tea, the mean total content of flavonoids is 266.68 mg for green tea, and 233.12 mg for black tea. [7]
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In Korea, ginger tea is called saenggang-cha (생강차; 生薑茶, [sɛ̝ŋ.ɡaŋ.tɕʰa]). It can be made either by boiling fresh ginger slices in water or mixing ginger juice with hot water. [6] Sliced ginger preserved in honey, called saenggang-cheong, can also be mixed with hot water to make ginger tea. [7]
The same 2018 study noted for colds or headaches, adding two tablespoons of ginger to boiling water and drinking the tea may help. It suggested using two to four grams daily for nausea.
Mainly found in the fruit skins and seeds, high levels of polyphenols may reflect only the measured extractable polyphenol (EPP) content of a fruit which may also contain non-extractable polyphenols. Black tea contains high amounts of polyphenol and makes up for 20% of its weight. [20] Concentration can be made by ultrafiltration. [21]
Isoflavones (phytoestrogens) use the 3-phenylchromen-4-one skeleton (with no hydroxyl group substitution on carbon at position 2). Daidzein (formononetin) soy , alfalfa sprouts, red clover , chickpeas , peanuts , kudzu , other legumes .