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  2. Assumption of risk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_risk

    Assumption of risk is a defense, specifically an affirmative defense, in the law of torts, which bars or reduces a plaintiff's right to recovery against a negligent tortfeasor if the defendant can demonstrate that the plaintiff voluntarily and knowingly assumed the risks at issue inherent to the dangerous activity in which the plaintiff was participating at the time of their injury.

  3. Inference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference

    By contrast, everyday reasoning is mostly non-monotonic because it involves risk: we jump to conclusions from deductively insufficient premises. We know when it is worth or even necessary (e.g. in medical diagnosis) to take the risk. Yet we are also aware that such inference is defeasible—that new information may undermine old conclusions.

  4. Prospect theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospect_theory

    [15] However, there exist shortcomings inherent in prospect theory's political application, such as the dilemma regarding an actor's perceived position on the gain-loss domain spectrum, and the discordance between ideological and pragmatic (i.e. 'in the lab' versus 'in the field') assessments of an actor's propensity toward seeking or avoiding ...

  5. Knight v. Jewett - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_v._Jewett

    The court held that secondary assumption of risk had been merged into the comparative negligence scheme adopted in Li v. Yellow Cab Co. of California but that primary assumption of risk could still serve as a defense to negligence. The court determined that in a touch football game, the only duty owed by the defendant to the plaintiff is to not ...

  6. Psychology of reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_reasoning

    In other words, deduction starts with a hypothesis and examines the possibilities to reach a conclusion. [29] Deduction helps people understand why their predictions are wrong and indicates that their prior knowledge or beliefs are off track. An example of deduction can be seen in the scientific method when testing hypotheses and theories.

  7. Risk difference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_difference

    The risk difference (RD), excess risk, or attributable risk [1] is the difference between the risk of an outcome in the exposed group and the unexposed group. It is computed as I e − I u {\displaystyle I_{e}-I_{u}} , where I e {\displaystyle I_{e}} is the incidence in the exposed group, and I u {\displaystyle I_{u}} is the incidence in the ...

  8. The mortgage interest deduction could save you ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/mortgage-interest-deduction...

    The best way to determine whether you’ll be better off with the standard deduction vs. itemization is to speak with a tax professional, but there are a few key reasons you might not want to bother:

  9. Argument–deduction–proof distinctions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument–deduction...

    He did discuss deductions in the above sense but not by that name: he called them awkwardly “proofs from premises” – an expression he coined for the purpose. The absence of argument–deduction–proof distinctions is entirely consonant with Church's avowed Platonistic logicism.