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An intrapleural chest tube is also known as a Bülau drain or an intercostal catheter (ICC), and can either be a thin, flexible silicone tube (known as a "pigtail" drain), or a larger, semi-rigid, fenestrated plastic tube, which often involves a flutter valve or underwater seal.
Sketch depicting a chest drainage in course. Chest drains are surgical drains placed within the pleural space to facilitate removal of unwanted substances (air, blood, fluid, etc.) in order to preserve respiratory functions and hemodynamic stability.
Thoracentesis / ˌ θ ɔː r ə s ɪ n ˈ t iː s ɪ s /, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic ...
To counteract these disruptions, a chest tube which is attached to a drainage system consisting of a collection chamber, one-way water valve and suction chamber is inserted into the patient. This enables air and fluid to be unidirectionally extracted from the pleural cavity. [ 36 ]
Chemicals such as bleomycin, tetracycline (e.g., minocycline), [2] povidone-iodine, or a slurry of talc can be introduced into the pleural space through a chest drain. The instilled chemicals cause irritation between the parietal and the visceral layers of the pleura which closes off the space between them and prevents further fluid from accumulating. [3]
Pleural effusion obliterates the pleural vacuum and can collapse the lung (due to hydrostatic pressure), impairing ventilation and leading to type 2 respiratory failure. The condition can be treated by mechanically removing the fluid via thoracocentesis (also known as a "pleural tap") with a pigtail catheter , a chest tube , or a thoracoscopic ...
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The flutter valve is placed in the appropriate orientation (designed so that the valve can only be connected in the appropriate orientation) and the pneumothorax is thus evacuated from the chest of the patient. [2] Usage of the flutter valve presents potential problems such as clogging of the chest tube, which might provoke the recurrence of ...