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Substance use disorder (SUD) is the persistent use of drugs despite substantial harm and adverse consequences to self and others. [8] Related terms include substance use problems [9] and problematic drug or alcohol use. [10] [11] Substance use disorders vary with regard to the average age of onset. [12]
Multimorbidity is common in older adults, estimated to affect over half of those aged 65 and over. This increased prevalence has been explained by older adults' "longer exposure and increased vulnerability to risk factors for chronic health problems". [2] The prevalence of multimorbidity has been increasing in recent decades.
Being under the influence of despair for an extended amount of time may lead to the development of one or more of the diseases of despair, such as suicidal thoughts or drug and alcohol abuse. If an individual has a disease of despair, there is an increased risk of death of despair , usually classified as a suicide, drug or alcohol overdose, or ...
The use of individual medications is growing faster than pill burden. [50] A recent study found that older adults in long term care are taking an average of 14 to 15 tablets every day. [51] Poor medical adherence is a common challenge among individuals who have increased pill burden and are subject to polypharmacy. [52]
The impact of alcohol on aging is multifaceted. Evidence shows that alcoholism or alcohol abuse can cause both accelerated (or premature) aging – in which symptoms of aging appear earlier than normal – and exaggerated aging, in which the symptoms appear at the appropriate time but in a more exaggerated form. [1]
Substance misuse, also known as drug misuse or, in older vernacular, substance abuse, is the use of a drug in amounts or by methods that are harmful to the individual or others. It is a form of substance-related disorder .
The level of ethanol consumption that minimizes the risk of disease, injury, and death is subject to some controversy. [16] Several studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and health, [17] [18] [2] [19] meaning that risk is minimized at a certain (non-zero) consumption level, and drinking below or above this level increases risk, with the risk level of drinking a ...
Different drug classes have different side effects. Long-term medical conditions induced by opioid include infection, hyperalgesia, opioid-induced bowel syndrome, opioid-related leukoencephalopathy and opioid amnestic syndrome. [32] Misuse of prescribed opioids medications is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. [37]