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Gneisenau (German pronunciation: [ˈɡnaɪ̯zənaʊ̯]) was a German capital ship, alternatively described as a battleship and battlecruiser, in Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. She was the second vessel of her class , which included her sister ship, Scharnhorst .
August Wilhelm Antonius Graf [1] Neidhardt von Gneisenau [2] (27 October 1760 – 23 August 1831) was a Prussian field marshal. He was a prominent figure in the reform of the Prussian military and the War of Liberation .
Scharnhorst was launched first, [1] and is considered to be the lead ship by some sources; they are also referred to as the Gneisenau class in some other sources, [2] as Gneisenau was the first to be laid down and commissioned. [1] They marked the beginning of German naval rearmament after the Treaty of Versailles.
August von Gneisenau (1760–1831), Prussian field marshal; Bruno Neidhardt von Gneisenau (1811–1889), Prussian general; One of the German naval ships named after August von Gneisenau: SMS Gneisenau (1879), iron-hulled three-masted frigate, wrecked in 1900; SMS Gneisenau, World War I armoured cruiser, launched in 1906 and sunk in 1914
Lütjens initially took the ships into Korsfjord in Norway and planned to repair Gneisenau at Trondheim, but was ordered to return to Germany. [20] Both ships reached Gotenhafen on 2 January. [19] Gneisenau was transferred to Kiel to be repaired. [19] The battleships received additional small calibre anti-aircraft guns during this period. [19] [20]
About the same time, Renown struck Gneisenau with two shells and a third a little later. [6] The hits damaged Gneisenau on the director tower forward range finders and aft turret putting it out of action, a port anti-aircraft gun was also hit. Renown then transferred fire to Scharnhorst, which had moved to hide Gneisenau with smoke.
SMS Gneisenau [a] was an armored cruiser of the German Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy), part of the two-ship Scharnhorst class. Named for the earlier screw corvette of the same name , the ship was laid down in June 1904 at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen , launched in June 1906, and commissioned in March 1908.
Gneisenau, when serving as the squadron second command flagship, had an extra staff of 3 officers and 25 men. The ships carried a number of smaller vessels, including two picket boats, two launches , one pinnace , two cutters , three yawls , and one dinghy .