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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), previously known as pseudotumor cerebri and benign intracranial hypertension, is a condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure (pressure around the brain) without a detectable cause. [2] The main symptoms are headache, vision problems, ringing in the ears, and shoulder pain.
Drug-induced intracranial hypertension (DIIH) or medication-induced intracranial hypertension is a condition of higher than normal intracranial pressure with the main cause being a drug. [15] This condition is similar to idiopathic intracranial hypertension , however the etiology in this instance is a drug. [ 16 ]
The utility of the method was successfully confirmed on four healthy subjects and four patients with intracranial hypertension, but larger validation studies have never been conducted as the method failed to attract enough interest among clinicians. This method also needs a calibration to the individual patients.
Differential diagnosis [ edit ] The major differential to consider in empty sella syndrome is intracranial hypertension , of both unknown and secondary causes, and an epidermoid cyst , which can mimic cerebrospinal fluid due to its low density on CT scans , although MRI can usually distinguish the latter diagnosis.
Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure Post-dural puncture headache CSF fistula headache
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a neurological disorder which is characterized primarily by excessive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). [1] Idiopathic hypersomnia was first described by Bedrich Roth in 1976, and it can be divided into two forms: polysymptomatic and monosymptomatic.
While the common theories regarding vision issues during flight focus on cardiovascular factors (fluid shift, intracranial hypertension, CO 2 exposure, etc.), the difficulty comes in trying to explain how on any given mission, breathing the same air and exposed to the same microgravity, why some crewmembers have vision issues while others do ...
The diagnosis is one of excluding the many secondary types or NDPH mimics, which is especially critical early in the course of the disease when a secondary etiology is more likely. NDPH mimics include but are not limited to: [citation needed] neoplasms; subarachnoid hemorrhage; idiopathic intracranial hypertension; temporal arteritis