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Bengali architecture includes ancient urban architecture, religious architecture, rural vernacular architecture, colonial townhouses and country houses and modern urban styles. The bungalow style is a notable architectural export of Bengal. The corner towers of Bengali religious buildings were replicated in medieval Southeast Asia.
Two huts, one forming a porch in front and the other being the shrine at the back constitutes the jor-bangla design – "Bengal's most distinctive contribution to temple architecture". [6] [8] In West Bengal, the hut roof generally has four sides and the char-chala temple is built on this model.
The Pala Empire was an early Indian empire of Bengali Buddhist dynasty ruling from Bengal (which included present-day Bangladesh) from the 8th to the 12th centuries. The Palas created a distinctive form of Bengali architecture and art known as the "Pala School of Sculptural Art."
Bengali influences were incorporated into the kingdom's architecture. The Bengal Sultanate-Jaunpur Sultanate War ended after mediation from China and the Timurids. Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah also pursued the Reconquest of Arakan to reinstall Arakan's king to the throne after he had been deposed by Burmese forces.
The temple is a great example of Jor-Bangla temple architecture, which belong to the chala style. [3] [4] The temple is the largest surviving Jor-Bangla temple. It is perhaps the most well-known terracotta temple in Bengal. [5] Currently, it is preserved as one of the archaeological monuments of India by the Archaeological Survey of India.
Chala Style (Bengali: চালা শিল্পরীতি) is a style of Bengal temple architecture, that originated in Bengal from the 15th centuries. [1] Originating as a regional style in Hindu temple architecture. The main features of this style are curved tops and cornices.
Urban architecture in the Bengal Sultanate was based on Arab, Bengali, Persian, Indo-Turkish, and Byzantine influences. A glimpse of houses in the Bengal Sultanate can be seen in the Iskandar Nama (Book of Alexander) published by Sultan Nasrat Shah. [ 123 ]
Bengali curved roofs were copied by Mughal architects in other parts of the empire, such as in the Naulakha Pavilion in Lahore Nimtoli Deuri, named after the neem tree, is now a property of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, situated in Dhaka, Bangladesh is now a Heritage Museum.