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  2. Freedom of information in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_information_in...

    The Holder Memo is part of series of policy memos on how federal agencies should apply FOIA exemptions. Beginning in 1977 with Attorney General Griffin Bell, and continued by Attorney General William French Smith in 1981 and Attorney General Janet Reno in 1993, U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) has announced how the executive branch should approach FOIA, its application, and DOJ's defense of ...

  3. Freedom of Information Act (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act...

    The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA / ˈ f ɔɪ j ə / FOY-yə), 5 U.S.C. § 552, is the United States federal freedom of information law that requires the full or partial disclosure of previously unreleased or uncirculated information and documents controlled by the U.S. government upon request. The act defines agency records subject to ...

  4. California Public Records Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Public_Records_Act

    The California Public Records Act (Statutes of 1968, Chapter 1473; currently codified as Division 10 of Title 1 of the California Government Code) [1] was a law passed by the California State Legislature and signed by governor Ronald Reagan in 1968 requiring inspection or disclosure of governmental records to the public upon request, unless exempted by law.

  5. Reasonable expectation of privacy (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_expectation_of...

    [16] [17] Civil privacy expects against: (1) intrusion upon seclusion or solitude, or into private affairs; (2) public disclosure of embarrassing private facts; (3) publicity which places a person in a false light in the public eye; and (4) appropriation of name or likeness.

  6. FOIA Exemption 3 Statutes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOIA_Exemption_3_Statutes

    FOIA Exemption 3 Statutes are statutes found to qualify under Exemption 3 of the U.S. Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C.§ 552(b)(3).Under its terms, as amended in 1976 and 2009, a statute qualifies as an "Exemption 3 statute" only if it "(i) requires that the matters be withheld from the public in such a manner as to leave no discretion on the issue; or (ii) establishes particular criteria ...

  7. Confidentiality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confidentiality

    In such situations the lawyer has the discretion, but not the obligation, to disclose information designed to prevent the planned action. Most states have a version of this discretionary disclosure rule under Rules of Professional Conduct, Rule 1.6 (or its equivalent). A few jurisdictions have made this traditionally discretionary duty mandatory.

  8. Illinois Freedom of Information Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_Freedom_of...

    All public records are presumed to be open to the public. If a public body wishes to claim that specific information is exempt from disclosure, it "has the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that it is exempt." [110] Thus, the law is broadly interpreted in favor of openness and disclosure, and exemptions are strictly construed ...

  9. Glomar response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomar_response

    Additionally, she asked the court to demand the Agency to provide a "detailed justification" for the information said to be "exempt from disclosure." [ 7 ] The government responded with a motion for summary judgement, which the district court granted, stating that the materials were "exempt from disclosure under the provision of the third ...

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