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It is also known as the Honorian alphabet or the Runes of Honorius after the legendary magus (though Theban is dissimilar to the Germanic runic alphabet), or the witches' alphabet due to its use in modern Wicca and other forms of witchcraft as one of many substitution ciphers to hide magical writings such as the contents of a Book of Shadows ...
In the wake of a 1984 dissertation on "Runes and Magic", Stephen Flowers published a series of books under the pen-name "Edred Thorsson" which detailed his own original method of runic divination and magic, "odianism", [16] which he said was loosely based on historical sources and modern European hermeticism. These books were:
Anglo-Saxon runes or Anglo-Frisian runes are runes that were used by the Anglo-Saxons and Medieval Frisians (collectively called Anglo-Frisians) as an alphabet in their native writing system, recording both Old English and Old Frisian (Old English: rūna, ᚱᚢᚾᚪ, "rune").
In the ceremonial magic of the Middle Ages, sigils were used in the summoning of these beings and were the pictorial equivalent to their true name. Demon name Image
The distinction made by Unicode between character and glyph variant is somewhat problematic in the case of the runes; the reason is the high degree of variation of letter shapes in historical inscriptions, with many "characters" appearing in highly variant shapes, and many specific shapes taking the role of a number of different characters over the period of runic use (roughly the 3rd to 14th ...
A common method of creating the sigils of certain spirits was to use kameas, a special use case of magic squares—the names of the spirits were converted to numbers, which were then located on the magic square. The locations were then connected by lines, forming an abstract figure. [4] The word sigil [...] has a long history in Western magic.
The use of runes persisted even after the adoption of the Latin alphabet, particularly in the Scandinavian countries, where they continued to be used in magical practices well into the medieval period. Modern runic magic often draws on these ancient traditions, using runes for divination, protection spells, and other esoteric purposes. [11]
Futhorc are Anglo-Saxon runes which were used to write Old English. The most notable of the rings are the Bramham Moor Ring , found in the 18th century, and the Kingmoor Ring , found 1817, inscribed with a nearly identical magical runic formula read as