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The chart below is older (2020 data) and breaks down the voluntary spending further by separating out-of-pocket payments. In this chart the items are stacked by color. There are a few other countries than just OECD countries. [2] [3] Click to enlarge. Timeline of a few OECD countries: Health care cost as percent of GDP (total economy of a ...
China's commercial health insurance is also proliferating. In 2020, the country's commercial health insurance premium income amounted to 817.3 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 20%. China's coverage of maternity insurance has continued to expand, by the end of 2020, 235.673 million people were insured under maternity insurance ...
The term secondary rhinoplasty denotes the revision of a failed rhinoplasty, an occurrence in 5–20 per cent of rhinoplasty operations, hence a revision rhinoplasty. The corrections usual to secondary rhinoplasty include the cosmetic reshaping of the nose because of a functional breathing deficit from an over aggressive rhinoplasty, asymmetry ...
Health insurance in China is primarily run by local governments. [1]: 267 As of at least 2022, healthcare insurance is relatively underdeveloped in China. [1]: 268 Out-of-pocket payments are a significant proportion of total healthcare costs. [1]: 268
Despite China's notoriously poor air quality, Matus et al. (2011) have found that the severity of China's air pollution has been declining over the years. [ 86 ] Finally, as described by Kan (2018) and Wu, et al. (1999) another major contributor to adverse health effects related to environmental issues is water pollution.
Similarly, "DIY nose lifts" in the form of re-usable cosmetic items have become popular and are sold in many Asian countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Sri Lanka and Thailand. [90] [91] [92] A high-bridged nose has been a common beauty ideal in many Asian cultures dating back to the beauty ideals of ancient China and India. [93 ...
Cost varies by country where surgery is performed. Prices were quoted ranging from US$2,500 ( India and Panama ) to US$15,000 ( United States and Canada ) as of 2008 [update] . [ 2 ] Costs in Europe mostly ranged £4,000–£9,000 as of 2009 [update] .
Ethnic plastic surgery, or ethnic modification, refers to the types of plastic surgery performed frequently due to certain racial or ethnic traits, or with the intention of making one's appearance more similar or less similar to people of a particular race or ethnicity. [1]