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Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) refers to a group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in which aberrant T cells proliferate uncontrollably. Considered as a single entity, ALCL is the most common type of peripheral lymphoma [1] and represents ~10% of all peripheral lymphomas in children. [2]
ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma: an aggressive, systemic ALCL that does not express ALK. Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a less aggressive ALCL that commonly presents as skin tumors. Breast cancer-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a less aggressive ALCL that occurs around and is caused by breast implants.
Complete surgical resection and/or radiation therapy are used to treat primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma as a single lesion; the majority of patients experience total remission. [7] While radiation of the primary lesion and the surrounding lymph nodes has been advised for patients whose local lymph nodes are involved, adding ...
Less commonly, a large-cell lymphoma may feature T cells. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma is an example of a large-cell lymphoma that involves T cells. Of the large-cell T-cell lymphomas , it has the best prognosis.
Primary cutaneous CD-30 positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are a family of skin-localized extranodal lymphoid neoplasms that develop from mature postthymic T cells. Currently used classification schemes identify primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP).
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a subtype of mature T-cell lymphoma involving T-cells or natural killer (NK) cells, representing 12% of patients. [9] It can be recognized by a constant expression of the tumour receptor necrosis factor CD30, a membrane protein expressed by activated T and B cells, in the cancer cells. [13]
The most common chemotherapy used for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is R-CHOP, which is a regimen of four drugs (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) plus rituximab. [ 33 ] R-CHP with polatuzumab vedotin , an antibody-drug conjugate, was included as a category 1 preferred regimen for first-line DLBCL by the National ...
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was originally discovered in 1994 [5] [7] in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) cells. ALCL is caused by a (2;5)(p23:q35) chromosomal translocation that generates the fusion protein NPM-ALK, in which the kinase domain of ALK is fused to the amino-terminal part of the nucleophosmin (NPM) protein.
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