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Meningism is a set of symptoms similar to those of meningitis but not caused by meningitis. [1] [3] [4] Whereas meningitis is inflammation of the meninges (membranes that cover the central nervous system), meningism is caused by nonmeningitic irritation of the meninges, usually associated with acute febrile illness, [1] [2] especially in children and adolescents. [2]
Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges. [10] The most common symptoms are fever , intense headache , vomiting and neck stiffness and occasionally photophobia . [ 1 ]
Bacterial meningitis, for instance, "requires immediate intravenous antibiotics and sometimes corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, while viral meningitis usually resolves on its own with rest ...
Chronic meningitis is a long-lasting inflammation of the membranes lining the brain and spinal cord (known as the meninges).By definition, the duration of signs, symptoms and inflammation in chronic meningitis last longer than 4 weeks. [2]
Brudziński's sign or a Brudziński sign is any of three medical signs, all of which may occur in meningitis or meningism.All three are named after Józef Brudziński. [1] In English, the name is often written without the diacritic (like many borrowed words) (Brudzinski) and is pronounced / b r uː ˈ dʒ ɪ n s k i /.
Meningococcal meningitis is a form of bacterial meningitis. Meningitis is a disease caused by inflammation and irritation of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. In meningococcal meningitis this is caused by the bacteria invading the cerebrospinal fluid and circulating through the central nervous system. Sub ...
Photophobia is due to meningeal irritation. [10] In severe cases, people may experience concomitant encephalitis (meningoencephalitis), which is suggested by symptoms such as altered mental status, seizures or focal neurologic deficits. [13] Babies with viral meningitis may only appear irritable, sleepy or have trouble eating. [5]
Kernig's sign is a test used in physical examination to look for evidence of irritation of the meninges.The test involves flexing the thighs at the hip, and the knees, at 90 degree angles, and assessing whether subsequent extension of the knee is painful (leading to resistance), in which case it is deemed positive. [1]