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Critics of the concept dismiss Industry 4.0 as a marketing strategy. They suggest that although revolutionary changes are identifiable in distinct sectors, there is no systemic change so far. In addition, the pace of recognition of Industry 4.0 and policy transition varies across countries; the definition of Industry 4.0 is not harmonised.
Work 4.0 (German: Arbeit 4.0) is the conceptual umbrella under which the future of work is discussed in Germany and, to some extent, within the European Union. [1] It describes how the world of work may change until 2030 [2] and beyond in response to the developments associated with Industry 4.0, including widespread digitalization. [3]
The Tourism 4.0 initiative was launched in 2017 by the Slovenian company Arctur after identifying the lack of readiness level to embrace the use of the key enabling technologies from Industry 4.0 (Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, etc.), especially by small and medium enterprises in the tourism sector.
A technology roadmap is a flexible planning schedule to support strategic and long-range planning, by matching short-term and long-term goals with specific technology solutions.
The concept of the Internet of things first became popular in 1999, through the Auto-ID Center at MIT and related market-analysis publications. [23] Radio-frequency identification ( RFID ) was seen by Kevin Ashton (one of the founders of the original Auto-ID Center) as a prerequisite for the Internet of things at that point. [ 24 ]
The triple helix model of innovation, as theorized by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff, is based on the interactions between the three following elements and their associated 'initial role': [9] universities engaging in basic research, industries producing commercial goods and governments that are regulating markets. [2]
It can export and import MS PowerPoint files and a variety of other graphic file formats. It can also export files to SVG , Adobe PDF and SWF . [ 10 ] ConceptDraw DIAGRAM can import data from other ConceptDraw OFFICE applications, such as ConceptDraw MINDMAP and ConceptDraw PROJECT .
Manufacturing concepts identified: Invention begins. Manufacturing science and/or concept described in application context. Identification of material and process approaches are limited to paper studies and analysis. Initial manufacturing feasibility and issues are emerging. 3: Manufacturing proof of concept developed