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Tooth development begins at week 6 in utero, in the oral epithelium. The process is divided into three stages: Initiation; Morphogenesis and; Histogenesis [2]; At the end of week 7 i.u., localised proliferations of cells in the dental laminae form round and oval swellings known as tooth buds, which will eventually develop into mesenchymal cells and surround the enamel organ.
The tooth bud (sometimes called the tooth germ) is an aggregation of cells that eventually forms a tooth and is organized into three parts: the enamel organ, the dental papilla and the dental follicle. [3] The enamel organ is composed of the outer enamel epithelium, inner enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum and stratum intermedium. [3]
"Expression of cytokeratins in enamel organ, junctional epithelium and epithelial cell rests of Malassez". Journal of Periodontal Research . 50 (6): 846– 854.
The enamel organ → purely the epithelial component; The tissues which have been derived from each of the three components are: The dental follicle → will develop to become the periodontal ligament, the cementum and the alveolar bone; The dental papilla → will develop to become the dental pulp and the dentine; The enamel organ → will ...
The Ca2+ mainly comes from the enamel organ, and not the dental papilla, by either passive, extracellular transportation or active, intracellular transportation. The active route is controlled by ameloblasts so the site of mineralization can have a tightly controlled climate, including modulation of proteins that inhibit mineralization (e.g ...
The accumulation of fluid either between the reduced enamel epithelium and enamel or in between the layers of enamel organ seems to be the key to the formation of dentigerous cysts. A potentially erupting tooth on an impacted follicle can obstruct the venous outflow, inducing rapid transudation of serum across the capillary walls.
Enamel can be affected further by non-pathologic processes. Enamel is covered by various structures in relation to the development of tooth: Nasmyth membrane or enamel cuticle, structure of embryological origin is composed of keratin which gives rise to the enamel organ. [18] [19]
In animal tooth development, the inner enamel epithelium, also known as the internal enamel epithelium, is a layer of columnar cells located on the rim nearest the dental papilla of the enamel organ in a developing tooth. This layer is first seen during the cap stage, in which these inner enamel epithelium cells are pre-ameloblast cells.