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The lacrimal sac or lachrymal sac [1] is the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, [2] and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. It connects the lacrimal canaliculi , which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct , which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity. [ 3 ]
The canal containing the duct is called the nasolacrimal canal.It is formed by indentations in the inferior nasal conchae, maxilla and lacrimal bone.The canal drains into the nasal cavity through the anterior portion of the inferior meatus, which is between the inferior concha and the floor of the nasal cavity.
Involutional stenosis is probably the most common cause of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in older people. It affects women twice as frequently as men. Although the inciting event in this process is unknown, clinicopathologic study suggests that compression of the lumen of the nasolacrimal duct is caused by inflammatory infiltrates and edema.
Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac, secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct at the junction of the lacrimal sac. [1] The term derives from Greek dákryon 'tear' cysta 'sac' and -itis 'inflammation'. [2] It causes pain, redness, and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora.
Hidrocystoma (also known as cystadenoma, [1] a Moll's gland cyst, [1] and a sudoriferous cyst [1]) is an adenoma of the sweat glands. [2]: 787 Hidrocystomas are cysts of sweat ducts, usually on the eyelids. [3]: 664 They are not tumours (a similar-sounding lesion called hidroadenoma is a benign tumour).
Historically, bilateral parotid and lacrimal gland enlargement was characterized by the term Mikulicz's disease if the enlargement appeared apart from other diseases. If it was secondary to another disease, such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and Sjögren's syndrome, the term used was Mikulicz's syndrome.
The difference between them is that a cyst does not connect with the skin, but a sinus does. [3] Frequency of preauricular sinus differs depending the population: 0.1–0.9% in the US, 0.9% in the UK, and 4–10% in Asia and parts of Africa. [4] Preauricular sinuses are inherited features, and frequently appear next to both ears. [5]
Lacrimal apparatus; Lacrimal artery; Lacrimal bone; Lacrimal canaliculi (singular: canaliculus), also known as Lacrimal ducts; Lacrimal fossa (disambiguation) Lacrimal fluid, see Tears; Lacrimal gland; Lacrimal groove, also known as Lacrimal sulcus; Lacrimal hamulus; Lacrimal lake; Lacrimal nerve; Lacrimal papilla; Lacrimal punctum; Lacrimal ...