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NF-κB and interleukin 1 alpha mutually induce each other in senescent cells in a positive feedback loop causing the production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. [93] NF-κB and the NAD-degrading enzyme CD38 also mutually induce each other. [94] NF-κB is a central component of the cellular response to damage. [95]
NF-κB is activated by a wide variety of stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, inhaled particles, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Inappropriate activation of NF-kappa-B has been linked to inflammatory events associated with autoimmune arthritis, asthma, septic shock, lung fibrosis, glomerulonephritis ...
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB1 gene. [5]This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein.
Nuclear factor-kappa B Essential Modulator (NEMO) deficiency syndrome is a rare type of primary immunodeficiency disease that has a highly variable set of symptoms and prognoses. It mainly affects the skin and immune system but has the potential to affect all parts of the body, including the lungs , urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract . [ 1 ]
NF-kappa-B essential modulator (NEMO) also known as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma (IKK-γ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKBKG gene. NEMO is a subunit of the IκB kinase complex that activates NF-κB. [5] The human gene for IKBKG is located on the chromosome band Xq28. [6]
IκBα inhibits NF-κB by masking the nuclear localization signals (NLS) of NF-κB proteins and keeping them sequestered in an inactive state in the cytoplasm. [5] In addition, IκBα blocks the ability of NF-κB transcription factors to bind to DNA, which is required for NF-κB's proper functioning.
67050 Ensembl ENSG00000101882 ENSMUSG00000016409 UniProt Q8N5F7 Q9D0F4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_024528 NM_025937 RefSeq (protein) NP_078804 NP_080213 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 119.92 – 119.94 Mb Chr X: 36.39 – 36.41 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse NF-kappa-B-activating protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NKAP gene. References ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release ...
Activated IKK-β phosphorylates a protein called the inhibitor of NF-κB, IκB , which binds NF-κB to inhibit its function. Phosphorylated IκB is degraded via the ubiquitination pathway, freeing NF-κB, and allowing its entry into the nucleus of the cell where it activates various genes involved in inflammation and other immune responses.