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Acyclic aliphatic/non-aromatic compound Cyclic aliphatic/non-aromatic compound (cyclobutane)In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (/ ˌ æ l ɪ ˈ f æ t ɪ k /; G. aleiphar, fat, oil).
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
Aromatization is a chemical reaction in which an aromatic system is formed from a single nonaromatic precursor. Typically aromatization is achieved by dehydrogenation of existing cyclic compounds, illustrated by the conversion of cyclohexane into benzene. Aromatization includes the formation of heterocyclic systems. [1]
Aliphatic nitro compounds can be synthesized by various methods; notable examples include: Free radical nitration of alkanes . [ 4 ] The reaction produces fragments from the parent alkane, creating a diverse mixture of products; for instance, nitromethane , nitroethane , 1-nitropropane , and 2-nitropropane are produced by treating propane with ...
In electrophilic substitution in aromatic compounds, an atom appended to the aromatic ring, usually hydrogen, is replaced by an electrophile. The most important reactions of this type that take place are aromatic nitration, aromatic halogenation, aromatic sulfonation and acylation and alkylating Friedel-Crafts reactions. It further consists of ...
Waxes are organic compounds that characteristically consist of long aliphatic alkyl chains, although aromatic compounds may also be present. Natural waxes may contain unsaturated bonds and include various functional groups such as fatty acids , primary and secondary alcohols , ketones , aldehydes and fatty acid esters .
Regioselectivity of C–H borylation of arenes versus regioselectivity of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The synthetic importance of aromatic C–H borylation is shown below, where a 1,3-disubstituted aromatic compound can be directly converted to a 1,3,5-organoborane compound and subsequently functionalized. [15]
Esters can also undergo condensations with ketone and aldehyde enolates to give β-dicarbonyl compounds. [28] A specific example of this is the Baker–Venkataraman rearrangement, in which an aromatic ortho-acyloxy ketone undergoes an intramolecular nucleophilic acyl substitution and subsequent rearrangement to form an aromatic β-diketone. [29]