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The free radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. [1] A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. [2] While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically relevant free radicals are highly ...
Galvinoxyl is a commercially available radical scavenger. [1] It finds use both as a probe for studying radical reactions and as an inhibitor of radical polymerization.It may be synthesized by oxidation of the parent phenol with lead dioxide or potassium hexacyanoferrate(III).
Free Radical Research, formerly Free Radical Research Communications, is an academic journal that publishes research papers, hypotheses, and reviews on free radicals, redox signaling, antioxidants, and oxidative damage.
As part of their adaptation from marine life, terrestrial plants began producing non-marine antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (), polyphenols, and tocopherols.The evolution of angiosperm plants between 50 and 200 million years ago resulted in the development of many antioxidant pigments – particularly during the Jurassic period – as chemical defences against reactive oxygen species that ...
Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was a method of measuring antioxidant capacities in biological samples in vitro. [1] [2] Because no physiological proof in vivo existed in support of the free-radical theory or that ORAC provided information relevant to biological antioxidant potential, it was withdrawn in 2012.
Spin trapping is an analytical technique employed in chemistry [1] and biology [2] for the detection and identification of short-lived free radicals through the use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. EPR spectroscopy detects paramagnetic species such as the unpaired electrons of free
Living free radical polymerization is a type of living polymerization where the active polymer chain end is a free radical. Several methods exist. Several methods exist. IUPAC recommends [ 1 ] to use the term " reversible-deactivation radical polymerization " instead of "living free radical polymerization", though the two terms are not synonymous.
Initiation: The reaction is started by a free-radical source which may be a decomposing radical initiator such as AIBN. In the example in Figure 5, the initiator decomposes to form two fragments (I•) which react with a single monomer molecule to yield a propagating (i.e. growing) polymeric radical of length 1, denoted P 1 •.